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The Kohen Gadol (High Priest) was the highest-ranking spiritual leader in the Temple in Jerusalem. He was responsible for overseeing the service in the Holy Temple and performing the most sacred duties, particularly on Yom Kippur, when he would enter the Holy of Holies (קודש הקודשים) to atone for the sins of the Jewish people.
The Kohen Gadol also wore special garments, including the breastplate (Choshen), and had a unique status among the priests, with responsibilities and privileges that set him apart. His role symbolized the connection between the Jewish people and Hashem, serving as their spiritual representative.